What is the link between the situation of fatigue and depression in cancer patients?
Cancer is a life-changing diagnosis that can affect not only the physical health, but also the mental health of those who face it. Many people with cancer experience fatigue and depression, which can interfere with their treatment, recovery, quality of life and survival. In this blog post, we will explore the possible causes, prevalence and treatment options for fatigue and depression in cancer patients.
Causes of fatigue and depression in cancer patients
Fatigue and depression are complex phenomena that can have multiple and interrelated causes. Some of the possible factors that may contribute to fatigue and depression in cancer patients are:
– The cancer itself. Some cancers can release substances that cause inflammation and affect the brain, leading to fatigue and depression. Other cancers can increase the body’s energy needs, damage vital organs, or alter hormone levels, which can also affect mood and energy levels.
– The cancer treatment. Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, surgery, immunotherapy and hormone therapy can all cause fatigue and depression as side effects. These treatments can damage healthy cells, cause anemia, nausea, vomiting, pain, insomnia, hormonal changes and other symptoms that can affect mental health.
– The emotional impact. A cancer diagnosis can trigger a range of emotions, such as anxiety, stress, fear, anger, guilt, grief and loss of control. These emotions can be overwhelming and difficult to cope with, especially if the person lacks social support or has a history of mental health problems.
– The lifestyle changes. Cancer and its treatment can affect the person’s daily routine, activities, relationships, work and finances. These changes can cause stress, isolation, loss of identity and meaning, and reduced self-esteem and confidence.
– The co-existing conditions. Some people with cancer may have other physical or mental health conditions that can worsen their fatigue and depression. For example, chronic pain, diabetes, heart disease, thyroid problems, substance abuse or previous trauma.
Prevalence of fatigue and depression in cancer patients
The prevalence of fatigue and depression in cancer patients varies depending on several factors, such as the type of cancer, the stage of disease, the treatment received, the time since diagnosis, the assessment method used and the population studied. However, some general estimates are:
– Fatigue is one of the most common and distressing symptoms among people with cancer. It affects up to 80% of people during treatment and up to 40% after treatment [1].
– Depression is also common among people with cancer. It affects up to 25% of people during treatment and up to 15% after treatment [2]. Compared to the general population, people with cancer have a two to three times higher risk of developing depression [3].
Treatment options for fatigue and depression in cancer patients
Fatigue and depression are treatable conditions that should be addressed by the health care team as part of the comprehensive care for people with cancer. Some of the possible treatment options are:
– Medications. Antidepressants can help improve mood and energy levels by restoring the balance of chemicals in the brain. They may take several weeks to work and may have some side effects. They should be prescribed by a doctor who can monitor their effectiveness and safety.
– Psychotherapy. Psychotherapy is a form of counseling that can help people with cancer cope with their emotions, thoughts and behaviors related to their illness. It can provide support, education, skills training and problem-solving strategies. There are different types of psychotherapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal therapy (IPT), supportive therapy or group therapy.
– Physical activity. Physical activity can help reduce fatigue and depression by improving physical fitness, blood circulation, muscle strength
