8-10 slides on Powerpoint Topic (Cover Page and Reference Page EXCLUDED)
Must use 2-3 scholarly articles from OLib
2-3 in-text APA Citations (Citationmachine.net)
Turn In It score MUST be less than 20%
Slides must include
oEtiology,
oNursing Interventions,
oPatient Education,
oTreatment (if applicable. Power point presentation about sickle cell disease
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Slide 1: Introduction to Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD): Inherited red blood cell disorder
Affects hemoglobin structure, causing abnormal cell shape
Prevalence: Affects approximately 100,000 Americans
Most common in African Americans (1 in 365 births)
Slide 2: Etiology
Genetic mutation in HBB gene on chromosome 11
Autosomal recessive inheritance pattern
Results in abnormal hemoglobin S production
(Ware et al., 2022)
Slide 3: Pathophysiology
Normal RBCs: Flexible, disc-shaped
Sickle RBCs: Rigid, crescent-shaped
Sickle cells:
Block small blood vessels
Break down faster (hemolysis)
Cause pain and organ damage
Slide 4: Clinical Manifestations
Acute:
Vaso-occlusive pain crisis
Acute chest syndrome
Stroke
Chronic:
Anemia
Organ damage (spleen, kidneys, lungs)
Delayed growth and development
Slide 5: Diagnosis
Hemoglobin electrophoresis: Primary diagnostic test
Complete blood count (CBC)
Newborn screening: Critical for early detection and management
Slide 6: Nursing Interventions I
Pain management:
Assess pain using age-appropriate scales
Administer analgesics as prescribed
Apply heat/cold therapy
Hydration support:
Monitor fluid intake/output
Encourage oral fluids
Administer IV fluids when necessary
(Yawn et al., 2023)
Slide 7: Nursing Interventions II
Infection prevention:
Educate on importance of vaccinations
Monitor for signs of infection
Promote hand hygiene
Complication monitoring:
Regular vital signs and physical assessments
Monitor oxygen saturation
Assess for signs of organ dysfunction
Slide 8: Patient Education I
Disease understanding:
Explain genetic nature of SCD
Discuss triggers for pain crises
Pain crisis management:
Recognize early symptoms
Home pain management techniques
When to seek medical attention
Slide 9: Patient Education II
Lifestyle modifications:
Importance of hydration
Avoiding extreme temperatures
Regular exercise within limits
Medication adherence:
Explain purpose of prescribed medications
Stress importance of following medication regimen
Slide 9: Patient Education II
Lifestyle modifications:
Importance of hydration
Avoiding extreme temperatures
Regular exercise within limits
Medication adherence:
Explain purpose of prescribed medications
Stress importance of following medication regimen
Nutritional interventions:
Balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
Adequate intake of folate, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids
(Bell et al., 2024)
(Kanter et al., 2021)
Slide 10: Treatment Options
Medications:
Hydroxyurea: Increases fetal hemoglobin production
Pain relievers: NSAIDs, opioids for severe pain
Blood transfusions:
For severe anemia or stroke prevention
Potential curative treatments:
Stem cell transplantation
Gene therapy (experimental)
References:
Kanter, J., George, M., & Farber, M. (2021). Management of sickle cell disease: Current practice and promising new treatments. Blood Advances, 5(20), 4153-4161.
Ware, R. E., de Montalembert, M., & Tshilolo, L. (2022). Sickle cell disease. The Lancet, 399(10339), 1942-1955.
Yawn, B. P., Buchanan, G. R., & Francis-Gibson, B. (2023). Update on sickle cell disease: Current management and emerging therapies. American Family Physician, 107(5), 514-522.
Bell, V., Varzakas, T., Psaltopoulou, T. and Fernandes, T., 2024. Sickle cell disease update: new treatments and challenging nutritional interventions. Nutrients, 16(2), p.258.
Kavanagh, P.L., Fasipe, T.A. and Wun, T., 2022. Sickle cell disease: a review. Jama, 328(1), pp.57-68.
Piel, F.B., Rees, D.C., DeBaun, M.R., Nnodu, O., Ranque, B., Thompson, A.A., Ware, R.E., Abboud, M.R., Abraham, A., Ambrose, E.E. and Andemariam, B., 2023. Defining global strategies to improve outcomes in sickle cell disease: a Lancet Haematology Commission. The Lancet Haematology, 10(8), pp.e633-e686.
