PART II:
Ace my homework – Write a four paragraph essay connecting course material to arguments made by experts in two very recent discussions (both from October, 2020). Instructions below. Due by Monday, November 23 at 11:55pm.
Given the recent uprisings in the United States in response to a long-standing pattern of racial injustice in this country and specifically in the criminal justice system (remember that the CJ system is defined and understood by experts as being composed of *many* players including law-makers. Many people think only of the police when thinking of criminal justice, but leading sociologists and criminologists look for patterns, as well as variations, across the entire system), both the American Society of Criminology and the American Sociological Association have issued statements calling for change, research, and personal accountability.
The American Society of Criminology currently lists the following statement on their home page, titled “Statement of the American Society of Criminology Executive Board regarding the deaths of George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, and Ahmaud Arbery”:
As the Executive Board members representing the American Society of Criminology, we uniformly speak out against the disparities, the injustices, and the systematic racism that pervades our criminal justice system. We encourage our members to continue their hard work in studying these important issues and are committed to continuing our support of their research. And, more generally as a Society and as a country, we must collectively confront the daily indignities of racism. We recognize that we can – and all must – do better. See the full statement here: https://www.asc41.com/history/Statements/Statement of the American Society of Criminology Executive Board regarding the deaths of George Floyd.pdf
On June 1, 2020, The ASA issued this statement, titled “The ASA Condemns Systemic Racism in the Criminal Justice System”:
The ASA shares in the public outrage over the police killing of George Floyd and numerous other Black and brown people at the hands of racist cops. We wish to acknowledge and condemn the systemic racism in society and the criminal justice system. Indeed, the death of Floyd is but the most recent in a sordid history of violence against Black people in America. Over the centuries, police brutality has played a key role in oppressing African Americans and people of color. Further, as sociologists have documented, police departments are funded through a predatory system that unfairly draws on revenue from communities of color. Institutional racism in all its forms must be condemned in the strongest possible terms. As sociological scholars and citizens, we have a responsibility to study and speak out regarding all forms of racism and injustice. https://www.asanet.org/news-events/asa-news/asa-condemns-systemic-racism-criminal-justice-system
Many universities have since been hosting panels among experts engaging in discussions about what such change might look like in practice. Some of you have described reforms and discussions taking place in your own police departments! For the final assignment in this course you will:
FIRST, watch two of these panel discussions, linked below. They are also posted in the Course Resources Section of the Crime in America website under “Alternative Visions.” In these discussions, you will hear from 7 experts all with different ideas about what changes are most effective.
Watch PANEL DISCUSSION #1, Race and Policing in America, hosted by the University of Iowa (~1.5 hours) here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yKu9veewQ84&;feature=youtu.be
Panelists:
Professor Simon Balto, Assistant Professor of African American History at the University of Iowa. Author of the book Occupied Territory: Policing Black Chicago from Red Sumer to Black Power (North Carolina University Press, 2019: 2024 – Online Assignment Homework Writing Help Service By Expert Research Writers)
Professor Jennifer Cobbina, Associate Professor in the School of Criminal Justice at Michigan State University. Author of the book Hands Up, Don’t Shoot: Why the Protests in Ferguson and Baltimore Matter, and How They Changed America (New York University Press, 2019: 2024 – Online Assignment Homework Writing Help Service By Expert Research Writers)
Professor Rayshawn Ray, Professor of Sociology and Executive Director of the Lab for Applied Social Science Research (LASSR) at the University of Maryland, College Park and current David M. Rubenstein Fellow at The Brookings Institution. Author of the book How Families Matter: Simply Complicated Intersections of Race, Gender and Work (with Pamela Braboy, Rowman and Littlefield, 2018: 2024 – Write My Essay For Me | Essay Writing Service For Your Papers Online and 2020)
Watch PANEL DISCUSSION #2, Policy Talks @ the Ford School: Policing Reform or Revolution?, hosted by the University of Michigan (~1 hour) here:
Panelists:
Lisa Daugaard, MA, JD, Director of director of Public Defender Association and commissioner of the Community Police Commission in Seattle. 2019: 2024 – Online Assignment Homework Writing Help Service By Expert Research Writers MacArthur Genius Award Fellow
Broderick Johnson, JD, Assistant to the President and Cabinet Secretary under President Barack Obama and Chairman of the White House’s My Brother’s Keeper Task Force. Member of the Dean’s Advisory Group at the University of Michigan Law School, Black Economic Alliance Board, and College of the Holy Cross Trustee
Professor David Klinger, Professor of Criminology and Criminal Justice at the University of Missouri—St. Louis. Former patrol officer for the Los Angeles and Redmond (WA) Police Departments. 1997 Recipient of the American Society of Criminology’s Ruth Cavan Young Scholar Award for outstanding early career contributions to the discipline of criminology.
THEN, write an essay connecting material presented in class to two proposed rationales and recommendations for change.
To write your essay, you must select and summarize comments made by TWO of the above 7 experts, one from the University of Iowa panel and one from the University of Michigan panel (this will be MUCH easier for you if you take notes as you watch each discussion). You must then include THREE pieces of evidence from class and explain how they are connected to the arguments from your chosen panelist (do they support, contradict, or complicate arguments by the panelists?). You may draw from assigned readings, lecture material, or assigned documentaries. Finally, provide a discussion of your own thoughts regarding the arguments of the panelists you have chosen.
SUGGESTED ESSAY TEMPLATE with attached point allocation. Worth 60 points total:
Paragraph 1= Homework help – Summary of chosen panelist from the University of Iowa discussion. Homework help – Summary worth 10 points.
Paragraph 2= Homework help – Summary of chosen panelist from the University of Michigan discussion. Homework help – Summary worth 10 points.
Paragraph 3= Homework help – Summary of at least THREE pieces of evidence from course material and connection to chosen panelist discussions (at least TWO pieces of evidence must come from units 3-6). EACH summary and connection worth 10 points for 30 total points.
Paragraph 4= Ace my homework – Write my paper – Online assignment help tutors – Discussion of where you are in agreement and disagreement with your chosen panelists. Which arguments are compelling and why? What arguments are less compelling or missing from either of the discussions? Would you include anything different or offer an alternative to what has been discussed? Ace my homework – Write my paper – Online assignment help tutors – Discussion worth 10 points.
Crime in America
Name
Institutional Affiliation
Crime in America
According to Professor Balto, the current and ongoing challenge in policing, especially racialized policing in American society, has existed for a long time (UIOWA CLAS, 2020). Therefore, understanding why the problem is persistent first starts by understanding the primary objective of establishing law enforcement. While many believe the police force was established to protect the entire general public equitably, it was not the main reason it was founded. Considering the establishment of the police department in Chicago, it was set up to control the social and cultural behaviors of immigrants in the region. Another reason for the police force being established is to control the working class individuals, which ends up being the primary purpose of law enforcement, specifically their behaviors and labor actions. With the extensive changes in the community in terms of technology, policies, and strategies, we are seeing the role of the police evolving to fit in the present society, but the initial primary purpose remains; controlling people subject to disproportionate poverty, which has mainly been the black communities (UIOWA CLAS, 2020). While the police are extensively over patrolling the black communities, extensive violence rates are being experienced in these communities since they experience less public safety. Therefore, a police reform would entail changing the entire system that will be done by reinvesting resources into education, job training, mental health, and communities.
According to Broderick Johnson, when thinking of reforming the police, it is prudent to realize that the changes need to be done to the entire organization (University of Michigan, 2020). Therefore, the professor indicates that any reform or revolution will need to consider that the United States is experiencing profound systemic racism that affects everything in society. The changes they want to make, they need to consider race and implement policies that will eliminate the adverse effects of racism. While police mental health has been considered an essential aspect of needing improvement, it is vital to note that that has resulted in policing challenges. As stakeholders consider improving the relationships between police and the communities, especially the communities of color, they need to reimagine and know what they want to see from the changes (University of Michigan, 2020). The change will happen steadily when done at the federal, state, and local levels when they can handle the police’s different elements and implement change as required.
Issues such as The racism and violence that is increasingly experienced in Chicago, which is a region with a large population of the black community from the 19th century, the recent killings of the black individuals by the police force across the American states, and the extensive activism work calling upon revolution among the police force demonstrates a challenge requiring a wholesome reform. From the initial stages of training individuals, the potential police officers need to be educated on their role in ensuring public safety is upheld equitably and remove the notion that they are supposed to control a particular community.
From an individual point of view, I agree with the panelists’ views in looking to reform the police force. Over time, various police departments have implemented various recommendations to mitigate persistent systemic racism. However, reforms that will see a change in the entire organization regarding all officers, their policies, and ensuring adequate resources are incorporated into the reform strategies.
References
UIOWA CLAS. (2020). Race & Policing in America [Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yKu9veewQ84
The University of Michigan. (2020). Policy Talks @ the Ford School: Policing reform or revolution? [Video]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3cgzPIDxiW0
